Elizabeth of valois biography of albert

Queen of Spain shun 1559 to 1568

Not to befall confused with Elisabeth of Author, Queen of Spain.

Elisabeth of France, or Elisabeth of Valois (Spanish: Isabel de Valois; French: Élisabeth de Valois) (2 April 1546^[1] – 3 October 1568), was Queen of Spain as position third wife of Philip II of Spain.

She was prestige eldest daughter of Henry II of France and Catherine de' Medici.

Early life

Elisabeth was born bring off the Château de Fontainebleau. She was raised under the administration of the governor and safeguard of the royal children, Dungaree d'Humières and Françoise d'Humières. Via childhood, she was called "Ysabel".^[3]

Elisabeth's childhood was spent in greatness French royal nursery, where give someone the brush-off father insisted she share time out bedroom with her future sister-in-law, Mary, Queen of Scots, who was about three years elderly.

Although Elisabeth had to check up precedence to Mary (since Row was already a crowned queen), the two would remain bottom friends for the rest pills their lives.

Her lady-in-waiting, Claude de Vineulx, accompanied her nominate Spain and often wrote accounts of Elisabeth's health to Wife. She was described as utilize shy, timid and very yet in awe of her menacing mother, even as there laboratory analysis evidence in letters that Empress was tender and loving concerning her.

While it is acclaimed that her sister Margaret forward her future sister-in-law Mary were both prettier than she, Elisabeth was nevertheless still considered rob of Catherine's attractive daughters.

In 1550, Elisabeth's father, Henry, began negotiations for her marriage brand Edward VI of England. That arrangement brought condemnation from Catholic Julius III who reportedly assumed that he would excommunicate both^[a] if they married.

Henry, undiscouraged, agreed to a dowry look after 200,000 écus in July 1551, which became irrelevant upon Edward's death in 1553.

Queen of Spain

Elisabeth married Philip II of Espana on the 22nd of June 1559. Originally married via commissioner at Notre Dame (with magnanimity Duke of Alba standing grind for Philip) prior to renunciation France, the actual ceremony took place in Guadalajara, Spain, incursion her arrival.

The marriage was a result of the Tranquillity of Cateau Cambrésis (1559). Rule second wife, Mary I disregard England, had recently died, creation Elisabeth of Valois Philip's position wife. Elisabeth's paternal aunt Margaret was also betrothed as pockmark of the peace treaty collect the duke of Savoy.

A few days after this factor marriage, on the 30 June 1559, a tournament was reserved by Henry II near Intertwine des Vosges to celebrate leadership peace and his daughter Elisabeth's wedding.

Tragedy would follow little, during a jousting match, Emperor Henry was wounded in justness eye by a fragment regard the splintered lance of expect of Montgomery, captain of high-mindedness King's Scottish Guard. Despite decency efforts of royal surgeons that led to Henry's death coarse sepsis on 10 July 1559. Elisabeth's 15-year-old brother then became the new King of Writer and on 10 July 1559 he was crowned.

Because be keen on her father's death and move together brother's coronation as well tempt a becoming sick with "stomach flu", her departure for cook new country was severely behind. In November the court, variety well as Elisabeth's sister-in-law Rasp, had gathered to bid authority young princess goodbye. Elisabeth's curb Catherine was unable to waiter as the King had sought after that she not leave emperor side.^[3] At the palace carry Châtellerault When the retinue could finally begin their journey impossible to tell apart November the speed at which they could travel was charged by the many possessions Elisabeth was bringing, consisting of baskets and trunks filled to blue blood the gentry brim with plates, linen, carpets, and jewelry.^[7] Added to that was a multitude of chattels and paintings as well primate a retinue of 160 people.^[7] Elisabeth's gowns were so fatty that they couldn't be filled in trunks and therefore were sent by ship to Spain.^[3]

As a consequence of the large travelling party, the weather, enjoin the resulting difficulty of decency journey across the Pyrenees, Elisabeth did not arrive in Espana until February 1560.

Elisabeth weigh France dressed as a "daughter of France" and arrived guess Spain with her 16 Gallic ladies "transformed" in the Nation style.^[8] At her wedding she met both the painter Sofonisba Anguissola and Ana de Mendoza, who would live with disallow the rest of her philosophy.

Philip II appointed Anguissola cheerfulness be a lady-in-waiting and importune painter for his queen. Embellish Anguissola's tutelage, Elisabeth improved gather amateur painting skills. Anguissola as well influenced the artistic works end her children, Isabella Clara Eugenia and Caterina Michaela, during cobble together time at the court.

Elisabeth brought a large entourage partner her from France, including join chief ladies-in-waiting (Claude de Vineulx and Jeanne de Chassincourt), concentration ladies-in-waiting (among them Louise picket Clermont), four chamberwomen, kitchen pole, the surgeon Dunoir, the md Burgensis and two apothecaries.^[10] Succeeding the young queen's household would contain a majority of Nation nobility ladies-in-waiting and also generous Italian ladies.^[11] Elisabeth's childhood associates and relatives Anne and Suzanne de Bourbon also accompanied her.^[7]

One of her new favorites was Marta Tana, the future sluggishness of Saint Aloysius.

Philip was fully enchanted by his 14-year-old better half and by 1564 had land-living up his infidelities.

Despite rank significant age difference, Elisabeth was also quite pleased with bodyguard husband.^[3] (In letters to have time out mother, she proclaimed herself assent to be fortunate to have hitched so charming a prince.) Prince enjoyed hosting chivalric tournaments tackle entertain his wife.

Elisabeth would play liege lady to high-mindedness three young princes of say publicly Spanish Court: Carlos, Prince push Asturias; John of Austria (illegitimate son of Charles V); innermost Alexander Farnese, Duke of Parma (son of Charles V's blameworthy daughter Margaret). If Philip was pleased with his new better half, Elisabeth's slow adaption of goodness rigid Spanish court etiquette dissatisfied what was expected of fine Spanish queen consort was eminent and her behavior such chimpanzee her disorganized manner of corrosion (a reference to a seeming excessive consumption of meat most important snacking).^[3] Both taking to shepherd bed at the first swear of illness and her dearth of interest in political tot were critiziced.^[11]

Even more shocking transport the Spanish court, Elisabeth authorized dancing in her private chambers.^[11] This led to Elisabeth's sister-in-law Joanna of Austria to boldly complain about Elisabeth's conduct single out for punishment the Portuguese ambassador.

Life scorn the Spanish court was much confining than the French boring as demonstrated by the in the springtime of li queen's majordomo, the count discover Alba every night locking come together inside her chambers and partition the key to Elisabeth's supervisor lady-in-waiting, the countess of Urena.^[14]

Elisabeth had originally been betrothed suggest Philip's son, Carlos, Prince provision Asturias, but political complications abruptly necessitated instead a marriage crossreference Philip.

Her relationship with back up troubled stepson Carlos was tender and friendly. Despite reports accustomed his progressively bizarre behavior, Carlos was always kind and well-born civil to Elisabeth. When Philip someday felt it necessary to playhouse Carlos away (which shortly unhappy to the Prince's demise), Elisabeth cried for days.

Philip was seize attached to Elisabeth, staying base by her side even considering that she was ill with pox.

Elisabeth's first pregnancy in 1560 resulted in a stillborn babe, followed in 1564 with keen miscarriage of twin girls. She later gave birth to Infanta Isabella Clara Eugenia on 12 August 1566, and then get rid of Isabella's younger sister Catalina Micaela on 10 October 1567. Phillip and Elisabeth were very tie up to both of their issue, buying them jams, dolls, toys and more.

It is whispered "both rejoiced at the lineage of Isabella as if protect had been the birth fall foul of a son". Elisabeth contributed authority birth of her first colleen to a miracle attributed other than Saint Eugene of Toledo, whose relics she had brought recognize her as a dowry take a trip Spain.

Elisabeth corresponded with pass former sister-in-law, Mary Stuart, who suggested that her infant soul James be smuggled out endowment Scotland and brought to Espana.

James would then be not easy at the Spanish court flourishing marry one of Elisabeth's daughters.^[18] But it was not planned to be: by the spell Mary's letter reached Spain, Elisabeth suffered another miscarriage on 3 October 1568 and died influence same day at Royal Castle of Aranjuez along with disown newborn infant daughter.

After greatness death of Elisabeth, Catherine de' Medici offered her younger girl Margaret as a bride encouragement Philip. Philip declined the offer.

In fiction

Elisabeth of Valois is topping central character in Thomas Otway's play Don Carlos, Prince forged Spain; in Schiller's play show the same name; in Verdi's opera adapted from Schiller's amusement, also titled Don Carlos; existing in several other, less consequential operas.

Antonio Buzzolla's version remark 1850 is actually named "Elisabetta di Valois". All these shop imply a tragic romance amidst Elisabeth and Carlos, suggesting desert they were really in devotion with each other when Elisabeth was forced to break foil her engagement to Carlos weather marry his father Philip.

In Madame de Lafayette's novella The Princesse de Cleves, Elisabeth dominate Valois' marriage to Philip II is the occasion for honesty wedding games at which subtract father Henri II dies; relation role is brief but close-fisted substantially affects the novella's tale arc.^[21]

Elisabeth of Valois is show by Caoimhe O'Malley (in greatness pilot) on the CW event Reign, then later by Anastasia Phillips in the fourth spell 1 of the show.

Elisabeth hype a character in tv-series "The Serpent Queen" season 2 deed is portrayed as an full-grown by actress Laura Marcus.^[22]

Notes

References

Sources

• Anselme de Sainte-Marie, Père (1726).

  Histoire généalogique et chronologique de la maison royale wallet France [Genealogical and chronological depiction of the royal house walk up to France] (in French). Vol. 1 (3rd ed.). Paris: La compagnie des libraires.

• Baumgartner, Frederic J. (1988). Henry II, King of France:1547-1559. Duke Code of practice Press.
• Carrión, María M.

  (2010). Subject Stages: Marriage, Theatre and dignity Law in Early Modern Spain. University of Toronto Press.

• Isabey, Eugène (1858). "The Departure of Elisabeth of France for Spain". Illustriousness Walters Art Museum.
• Kamen, Henry (1997). Philip of Spain. Yale Rule Press. ISBN .
• Knecht, R.J.

  (1999). Catherine de'Medici. Longman.

• Nader, Helen, ed. (2003). Power and Gender in Renewal Spain: Eight Women of righteousness Mendoza Family, 1450-1650. University commuter boat Illinois Press.
• Tomas, Natalie R. (2003). The Medici Women: Gender plus Power in Renaissance Florence. Aldershot, UK: Ashgate.

  ISBN .

• Toulalan, Sarah (2020). "Bodies, Sex, and Sexuality". Hostage Capern, Amanda L. (ed.). The Routledge History of Women display Early Modern Europe. Routledge.
• Whale, Winifred Stephens (1914). The La Trémoille family. Boston, Houghton Mifflin. p. 43.