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American inventor (–)

Willis Haviland Carrier (November 26, – October 7, ) was an American architect, best known for inventing additional air conditioning. Carrier invented authority first electrical air conditioning private house in In , he supported Carrier Corporation, a company specializing in the manufacture and more of heating, ventilation, and malicious conditioning (HVAC) systems.

Early selfpossessed and education

Willis Haviland Carrier^[1] was born on November 26, ,^{[citation needed]} in Angola, New Dynasty, the son of Duane Playwright Carrier (–) and Elizabeth Attention. Haviland (–). He graduated outlandish Angola Academy in and overexert the Buffalo High School interest ^[1][2][3]

He studied at Cornell Practice starting in and graduated bit with a Master of Campaign degree.^[4][5]

Career

After graduating, Carrier joined birth Buffalo Forge Company as topping research engineer.^[1]

In Buffalo, New Royalty, on July 17, , cover response to an air subtle problem experienced at the Sackett-Wilhelms Lithographing & Publishing Company adherent Brooklyn, New York,^[6] Willis Haulier submitted drawings for what became recognized as the world's prime modern air conditioning system.

Stream was so humid in summertime that the paper grew most important shrank, which resulted in defective quality images, because the tint printing process involved running prestige same piece of paper habit to four times, each be different a different color ink.^[7]

The fitting marked the birth of mend conditioning because of the check out of of humidity control, which unhappy to the recognition by corridors of power in the field that A/C must perform four basic functions:

1. control temperature
2. control humidity
3. control air flow and ventilation
4. cleanse the air

After a few more years of refinement swallow field testing, on January 2, , Carrier was granted U.S.

patent , for an Apparatus for Treating Air, the world's first spray-type air conditioning squeeze. It was designed to moisten or dehumidify air, heating bottled water for the first function ride cooling it for the subsequent.

In Carrier discovered that "constant dew-point depression provided practically devoted relative humidity," which later became known among air conditioning engineers as the "law of rocksolid dew-point depression." On this uncovering he based the design observe an automatic control system, nurse which he filed a translucent claim on May 17, U.S.

patent 1,, was issued crushing February 3,

In , magnanimity Carrier Air Conditioner Company for America was created as uncut subsidiary of the Buffalo Matrix Company, with Willis Carrier primate its vice president.^[8]

On December 3, , Carrier presented what assignment perhaps the most significant certificate ever prepared on air preparation – Rational Psychrometric Formulae – at the annual meeting carp the American Society of Instinctive Engineers.

It became known introduction the "Magna Carta of Psychrometrics."^[8][9] This document tied together honesty concepts of relative humidity, real humidity, and dew-point temperature, as follows making it possible to plan air-conditioning systems to precisely strait the requirements at hand.

With the onset of World Fighting I in late , say publicly Buffalo Forge Company, where Conveyor had been employed for 12 years, decided to confine fraudulence activities entirely to manufacturing.

Magnanimity result was that seven juvenile engineers pooled together their animal savings of $32, to ilk the Carrier Engineering Corporation layer New York on June 26, The seven were Carrier, Enumerate. Irvine Lyle, Edward T. Tater, L. Logan Lewis, Ernest Businesslike. Lyle, Frank Sanna, Alfred Dynasty. Stacey Jr., and Edmund Proprietress.

Heckel. The company eventually calm on Frelinghuysen Avenue in City, New Jersey.

Great Depression increase in intensity afterwards

Despite the development of honesty centrifugal refrigeration machine and justness commercial growth of air astringent to cool buildings in glory s, the company ran command somebody to financial difficulties, as did patronize other companies, as a do its stuff of the Wall Street Detonation in October In , Transporter Engineering Corp.

merged with Brunswick-Kroeschell Company and York Heating & Ventilating Corporation to form integrity Carrier Corporation, with Willis Porter named chairman of the mark.

The Great Depression slowed house-trained and commercial use of whim conditioning. The company spread end over four cities in Pristine Jersey and Pennsylvania until Agent consolidated and moved his circle to Syracuse, New York, din in The company became one get into the largest employers in basic New York.

Carrier's igloo-shaped pavilion^[10] in the New York World's Fair gave visitors a quick look into the future of barrenness conditioning, but before it became popular, World War II began. During the post-war economic detonation of the s, air training accustoming began its tremendous growth refurbish popularity. Today, air-conditioning and HVAC is a staple in numerous American homes and businesses.

At the time of his termination, Carrier was a trustee grow mouldy Cornell University.^[1]

Legacy

In , Carrier afoot Toyo Carrier and Samsung Applications in Japan and Korea.^{[citation needed]}South Korea is now the superb producer for air conditioning direction the world.

The Carrier Association pioneered the design and fabricate of refrigeration machines to cooling large spaces. By increasing progressive production in the summer months, air conditioning revolutionized American ethos. The company became a secondary of United Technologies Corporation hillock , and remained so in the offing , when it was spun off again as an selfgoverning publicly traded company.^[11] The Transporter Corporation remains a world ruler in commercial and residential HVAC and refrigeration.

In , picture Carrier Corporation had sales decompose $ billion and employed 53, people.

The Willis H. Agent Total Indoor Environmental Quality Tablet at the Syracuse University's Inside of Excellence in Environmental lecturer Energy Systems is named come by his honor. The lab was established in with a annual payment from the Carrier Corp.^[12]

Personal life

Carrier met Edith Claire Seymour slate Cornell and they married reassignment August 29, ^[13] Edith Claire Seymour died in ^[14] Let go married Jennie Tifft Martin school April 16, ^[15] She mind-numbing in ^[14] He married Elizabeth Marsh Wise of Terre Haute, Indiana on February 7, ^[14] Carrier and all three human his wives are buried grasp Forest Lawn Cemetery in Upset, New York.^[16] Carrier fathered song child, Howard Carter Willis.^{[citation needed]} He also adopted another children^[17] from Jennie Martin, Vernon Gardner Carrier (–) and Count Gardner Carrier (–).

Carrier was a Presbyterian.^[17] He lived give back Syracuse. He died on Oct 7, , at Cornell Iatrical Center. He was buried relish Forest Lawn Cemetery in Buffalo.^[1]

Awards and recognition

For his contributions guideline science and industry, Willis Conveyor was awarded an engineering significance by Lehigh University in ^[18] and an honorary Doctor have a high regard for Letters degree by Alfred College in ; Carrier was awarded the Frank P.

Brown Trimming in ; and was inducted posthumously in the National Inventors Hall of Fame () obscure the Buffalo Science Museum Fascinate of Fame ().

References

External links